Feature of Ocular-Ischemic Syndrome in Patients with Cardiovascular Pathology. Literature Review
Open Access
- 23 June 2020
- journal article
- Published by PE Polunina Elizareta Gennadievna in Ophthalmology in Russia
- Vol. 17 (2), 188-194
- https://doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2020-2-188-194
Abstract
Vascular pathology of the vision organ is one of the leading causes of irreversible vision loss. Ocular ischemic syndrome is a serious condition that requires special attention to prevent adverse effects and outcomes. Today, this syndrome mainly occurs in the form of ischemic optic neuropathy and chronic ischemic retinopathy, which are based on damage caused by impaired perfusion in the pool of the ophthalmic artery. According to the data presented in foreign and domestic literature, there is an correlation between the ocular ischemic syndrome and the pathology of the cardiovascular system. Often, this pathology is accompanied by such diseases as: coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. A number of studies have shown that an important risk factor for the development of vascular eye’s pathology is the combination of coronary heart disease with elevated total blood cholesterol and atherosclerosis in combination with arterial hypertension. Also, there are data indicating the association of the risk of ischemic opticopathy with the presence of cardiovascular diseases in patients, and vice versa, previously transferred opticopathy can be considered as predictors of cardiovascular pathology. Thus, prevention and treatment of this pathology is an interdisciplinary problem. The classical approach in the treatment of ocular ischemic syndrome today remains conservative therapy, which aims to reduce local ischemia and the effects of hypoxia. However, conservative treatment does not eliminate the main reason for the development of this condition; therefore, the search continues for new, more effective methods of preventing and treating this pathology. In recent years, data on high clinical efficacy in the treatment and prevention of ocular ischemic syndrome manifestations have appeared in the literature after surgery to restore the main blood flow at the level of the brachiocephalic arteries. A variety of cardiovascular diseases and various levels of its damage determine the approach to the treatment of this pathology. This literature review is devoted to the analysis of the causes of ocular ischemic syndrome, depending on the level of localization of the lesion of the cardiovascular system.Keywords
This publication has 39 references indexed in Scilit:
- Ocular ischemic syndrome – a systematic reviewMedical Science Monitor, 2012
- Ocular ischemic syndrome: recent trends in medical managementCurrent Opinion in Opthalmology, 2009
- Retinal arteriolar emboli: epidemiology and risk of strokeCurrent Opinion in Opthalmology, 2002
- Clinical spectrum of posterior ischemic optic neuropathyAmerican Journal of Ophthalmology, 2001
- The Blood Supply of the Optic Nerve Head and the Evaluation of it — Myth and RealityProgress in Retinal and Eye Research, 2001
- Isolated ocular ischemic syndrome with no cerebral involvement in common carotid artery occlusion.European Journal of Ophthalmology, 2001
- Analysis of prothrombotic and vascular risk factors in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathyOphthalmology, 1999
- Factors Influencing Blood Flow in the Optic Nerve HeadJournal of Glaucoma, 1997
- Fibrinogen, cholesterol and smoking as risk factors for non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathyEye, 1995
- Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Associated with Pulseless DiseaseOphthalmologica, 1995