In the article the prerequisites for the emergence and development of a new trend in philosophy, experimental philosophy, are determined. It is noted that the dynamics of methodological approaches in experimental philosophy allows us to trace the historical continuity of experimental philosophy. The status of experimental philosophical knowledge, combining empirical and theoretical knowledge in cognitive activity, has radically changed in our time, having passed the dialectical path of development from a single philosophical knowledge of antiquity through the disintegration of empirical and theoretical knowledge in the 19th-20th centuries to integration - an interdisciplinary synthesis of sciences - in the 21st century. It is concluded that in the context of the historical genesis of the development of philosophical and scientific thought the emergence of modern experimental philosophy at the beginning of the 21st century historically determined and seems to be not a random phenomenon, but arisen with the objective need to create research methods that are adequate to the needs of modern science.