The mitochondria perform an essential role in cellular metabolism by acting as a cellular energy powerhouse. It is also involved in several biological processes such as cell metabolism, stress signaling, calcium homeostasis, and reactive oxygen species(ROS) and apoptosis. Maintaining cellular physiological function is strongly dependent on mitochondrial quality control. mitochondrial malfunction will lead to various disorders. For this review, we evaluate the current understanding of the molecular mechanism of mitochondria quality control, which might also serve as an asset for organisms' health and the prevention of disease