Role of penicillin in the management of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis

Abstract

Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infection is the most common bacterial cause of acute pharyngitis. GABHS is more commonly seen in the pediatric age group than in adults. The disease responds to antibiotics. Untreated GABHS leads to non-suppurative and suppurative complications. Penicillin is the drug of choice recommended by most guidelines. Most GABHS isolates are sensitive to penicillin including penicillin G. Penicillins play a very important role in preventing transmission rates of GABHS, resolution of symptoms, and prevention of GABHS complications. Intramuscular penicillin G benzathine is one of the treatment options for GABHS. Penicillin G potassium is a natural penicillin, with a narrow spectrum of activity, as is required for GABHS. This review aims to understand the role of penicillins in the treatment of GABHS and its complications.