Emergence of an ancient and pathogenic mammarenavirus
Open Access
- 20 March 2023
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Emerging Microbes & Infections
- Vol. 12 (1), e2192816
- https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2023.2192816
Abstract
Emerging zoonoses of wildlife origin caused by previously unknown agents are one of the most important challenges for human health. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau represents a unique ecological niche with diverse wildlife that harbors several human pathogens and numerous previously uncharacterized pathogens. In this study, we identified and characterized a novel arenavirus (namely, plateau pika virus, PPV) from plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by virome analysis. Isolated PPV strains could replicate in several mammalian cells. We further investigated PPV pathogenesis using animal models. PPV administered via an intraventricular route caused trembling and sudden death in IFNαβR-/- mice, and pathological inflammatory lesions in brain tissue were observed. According to a retrospective serological survey in the geographical region where PPV was isolated, PPV-specific IgG antibodies were detected in 8 (2.4%) of 335 outpatients with available sera. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that this virus was clearly separated from previously reported New and Old World mammarenaviruses. Under the co-speciation framework, the estimated divergence time of PPV was 77-88 million years ago (MYA), earlier than that of OW and NW mammarenaviruses (26-34 MYA).Keywords
Funding Information
- Science & Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program (2022FY100902)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81802017, National Key R&D Program of China, 2019YFC1200500, 2019YFC1200505)
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010)
- Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (KQTD20200820145822023)
- National Mega Projects of China for Major Infectious Diseases (2017ZX10304402)
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