Detection of soluble urokinase type plasminogen activator receptors in children with gingivitis and normal subjects
Open Access
- 3 October 2022
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in BMC Oral Health
- Vol. 22 (1), 1-10
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02478-7
Abstract
Gingivitis is a reversible condition; however, if left untreated, it progresses to periodontitis, which a serious infection that leads to bone destruction. Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) measurement may be of value in the early assessment of gingivitis in children, thereby minimizing risk of tooth loss. In this observational study, we assessed salivary and serum concentrations of suPAR for the diagnosis of gingivitis and correlation of salivary suPAR with the periodontal clinical parameters. Ninety children participated in the study, with 20 healthy subjects as controls and 70 patients with gingivitis. The gingivitis group was divided into mild, moderate, and severe cases. According to the gingival index (GI), salivary and serum samples were analyzed for the suPAR and C-reactive protein levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The salivary suPAR was significantly higher in patients with gingivitis (10.8 ± 2.9 ng/mL) than in the control group (7.0 ± 1.1 ng/mL) as P < 0.001. SuPAR was correlated with gingivitis severity. It was 7.7 ± 1.5 1 ng/mL in mild cases, 10.9 ± 1.2 ng/mL in moderate cases, and 14.4 ± 0.9 ng/mL in severe cases. The difference was significantly high (P < 0.001) between the groups; however, the difference between the mild cases and the control was nonsignificant as P < 0.066. The salivary suPAR was correlated with periodontal clinical parameters, which included GI and simple oral hygiene index (SOHI). Conversely the serum suPAR was not correlated with the salivary suPAR or the periodontal clinical parameters. The results of the present study demonstrated that the salivary suPAR is increased in proportionate with the degree of severity of gingivitis in children. Moreover, salivary suPAR was correlated with the periodontal clinical parameters.Keywords
Funding Information
- Al-Azhar University
This publication has 27 references indexed in Scilit:
- Neutrophil Dysfunction and Host Susceptibility to Periodontal Inflammation: Current State of KnowledgeCurrent Oral Health Reports, 2014
- Comparative Evaluation of Cytokines in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Saliva of Patients with Aggressive PeriodontitisThe International Journal of Biological Markers, 2013
- Risk factors for gingivitis in a group of Brazilian schoolchildrenJournal of Public Health Dentistry, 2012
- Validation of a high-sensitivity assay for C-reactive protein in human salivaBrain, Behavior, and Immunity, 2011
- Detection of suPAR in the Saliva of Healthy Young Adults: Comparison with Plasma LevelsBiomarker Insights, 2011
- suPAR: The Molecular Crystal BallDisease Markers, 2009
- Social gradients in periodontal diseases among adolescentsCommunity Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 2006
- Relationship between clinical parameters and cytokine profiles in inflamed gingival tissue and serum samples from patients with chronic periodontitisJournal of Clinical Periodontology, 2003
- The role of inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseaseJournal of Periodontal Research, 1991
- Periodontal Disease in Pregnancy II. Correlation Between Oral Hygiene and Periodontal ConditionActa Odontologica Scandinavica, 1964