Metaphorization as a basis for transterminologization in the sphere od subject terminological nominations

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to analyze the phenomenon of terminological metaphorization in the context of the hypothesis that this process is the cognitive basis for transsterminologization in the field of subject terminological nominations. The authors have selected such areas as programming and stock trading as an empirical base. To solve the research issues, the authors used the following general scientific and linguistic methods: descriptive method, method of definition analysis, method of continuous selection. The selection of 78 metaphorical terms of software development and exchange trading selected by the method of continuous selection from the total corpus of 2870 analyzed terms has served as the material for the research. The analysis has shown that a significant number of terms in the areas of programming and exchange trading are formed on the basis of metaphorical transfer. Subject terminological nominations designating certain fragments of the professional picture of the world has moved into this area without changing their form (simple terms) and served as the basis for the construction of derived term combinations based on a metaphorical transfer in new subject areas. The transition of a term to a different field of knowledge is conditioned by an analogy in the description of the phenomenon, or an analogy in the structure of the term, in its stylistic properties, in the functional and lexical meaning of the words that make up the term. The process of transsterminologization appears as a multi-stage and multidimensional phenomenon, which includes both the discursive use of the term, and its formal and semantic-stylistic characteristics. In general, the process of metaphorization plays an important role in term formation. The properties of metaphors suggest that the metaphor should be considered within the framework of an anthropocentric approach with the help of the cognitive-linguistic analysis.