Two typical collective behaviors of the heavy ions expanding in cold plasma with ambient magnetic field

Abstract
We have studied the evolution of the heavy ions that expand in a cold background plasma. Two typical conditions are considered where only the debris ion's initial total mass is significantly different. The work aims to illustrate the complex scaling behavior of the debris evolution in the early time of the High Altitude Nuclear Explosions (HANE). The simulation is performed via the hybrid model, in which the ions and electrons are treated as classical particles and mass-less fluid, respectively. Due to the imbalance of the electric and magnetic force on the debris ions, these debris particles will evolve into different collective patterns at the later times. These patterns manifest a rather different stopping behavior of the debris ions and an opposite drifting direction of the electron fluid. Further numerical and analytical calculations demonstrate that the imbalance depends not only on the number densities of the plasma ions, but also on the spatial variations of the magnetic fields. Our work reveals that the behavior of the debris ions scales non-linearly with their initial total mass, and this non-linearity complicates the scaling from laser experiment to HANE.