Entropy Generation in a Dissipative Nanofluid Flow under the Influence of Magnetic Dissipation and Transpiration

Abstract

The present study explores the entropy generation, flow, and heat transfer characteristics of a dissipative nanofluid in the presence of transpiration effects at the boundary. The non-isothermal boundary conditions are taken into consideration to guarantee self-similar solutions. The electrically conducting nanofluid flow is influenced by a magnetic field of constant strength. The ultrafine particles (nanoparticles of ${\mathrm{Fe}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_4/\mathrm{CuO}$) are dispersed in the technological fluid water (${\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$). Both the base fluid and the nanofluid have the same bulk velocity and are assumed to be in thermal equilibrium. Tiwari and Dass’s idea is used for the mathematical modeling of the problem. Furthermore, the ultrafine particles are supposed to be spherical, and Maxwell Garnett’s model is used for the effective thermal conductivity of the nanofluid. Closed-form solutions are derived for boundary layer momentum and energy equations. These solutions are then utilized to access the entropy generation and the irreversibility parameter. The relative importance of different sources of entropy generation in the boundary layer is discussed through various graphs. The effects of space free physical parameters such as mass suction parameter $\left(S\right)$, viscous dissipation parameter $\left(Ec\right)$, magnetic heating parameter $\left(M\right)$, and solid volume fraction $\left(\varphi \right)$ of the ultrafine particles on the velocity, Bejan number, temperature, and entropy generation are elaborated through various graphs. It is found that the parabolic wall temperature facilitates similarity transformations so that self-similar equations can be achieved in the presence of viscous dissipation. It is observed that the entropy generation number is an increasing function of the Eckert number and solid volume fraction. The entropy production rate in the ${\mathrm{Fe}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_4-{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$ nanofluid is higher than that in the $\mathrm{CuO}-{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$ nanofluid under the same circumstances.