Limitations of demand- and pressure-driven modeling for large deficient networks
Open Access
- 10 October 2017
- journal article
- Published by Copernicus GmbH in Drinking Water Engineering and Science
- Vol. 10 (2), 93-98
- https://doi.org/10.5194/dwes-10-93-2017
Abstract
The calculation of hydraulic state variables for a network is an important task in managing the distribution of potable water. Over the years the mathematical modeling process has been improved by numerous researchers for utilization in new computer applications and the more realistic modeling of water distribution networks. But, in spite of these continuous advances, there are still a number of physical phenomena that may not be tackled correctly by current models. This paper will take a closer look at the two modeling paradigms given by demand- and pressure-driven modeling. The basic equations are introduced and parallels are drawn with the optimization formulations from electrical engineering. These formulations guarantee the existence and uniqueness of the solution. One of the central questions of the French and German research project ResiWater is the investigation of the network resilience in the case of extreme events or disasters. Under such extraordinary conditions where models are pushed beyond their limits, we talk about deficient network models. Examples of deficient networks are given by highly regulated flow, leakage or pipe bursts and cases where pressure falls below the vapor pressure of water. These examples will be presented and analyzed on the solvability and physical correctness of the solution with respect to demand- and pressure-driven models.Keywords
This publication has 19 references indexed in Scilit:
- Improving the Efficiency of the Loop Method for the Simulation of Water Distribution SystemsJournal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2015
- Reformulated Co-Tree Flows Method Competitive with the Global Gradient Algorithm for Solving Water Distribution System EquationsJournal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2014
- Implications of the Known Pressure-response of Individual Leaks for Whole Distribution SystemsProcedia Engineering, 2014
- Unified Framework for Deriving Simultaneous Equation Algorithms for Water Distribution NetworksJournal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2013
- Methods for Analyzing Pipe NetworksJournal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1989
- Water Distribution Reliability: Simulation MethodsJournal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 1988
- A technical note on the inclusion of pressure dependent demand and leakage terms in water supply network modelsCivil Engineering Systems, 1985
- Solving the Pipe Network Analysis Problem Using Optimization TechniquesManagement Science, 1978
- CXVII. Some general theorems for non-linear systems possessing reactanceThe London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, 1951
- CXVI. Some general theorems for non-linear systems possessing resistanceThe London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, 1951