The YY1 protein is a multifunctional DNA-binding protein with a zinc-finger structure, the present study found that it’s closely related to the occurrence and development of hematological malignancies. YY1 protein binds to the target genes or protein factors of tumor cells, and plays a dual role of activation or inhibition in a series of biological processes, such as tumor proliferation, transcriptional regulation, metabolic reprogramming, and drug resistance. In recent years, hematological malignancies have become one of the most common malignancies, so this paper summarizes the biological function of YY1 protein in hematological malignancies, expounds the correlation of YY1 protein in hematological malignancies, and summarizes the research progress of YY1 protein in hematological malignancies.